There was a prior request to actually have a scoped CSS tag in the HTML+CSS standard[1], why aren't we seeing a stronger advocation for it if that's all people are looking for? I'm a small fish but I certainly would love to see this HTML spec be revived.
The best they could do to make it less obfuscated is to include the name with the hash. So the class name may look like 'fkljdkldjf9303-button'. However, the hash may change if the component changes for example, so still not super reliable from your point of view. Also, most users won't care, so they'd just be including extra page bloat to add the human readable names along-side the hash in production builds.
I'd argue that CSS modules and similar reduce many many bugs I've seen people make over the years and that it's a huge win in terms of developer speed and reduction of bugs. I highly doubt anyone made the decision explicitly to obfuscate the CSS...