Depends on the carrier and plan.

Fully-integrated HMOs (think Kaiser) have extensive tracking and best practices that reduce future risk and liabilities: well mother / we'll baby care and training, vaccinations and nutrition, preventive chechups, monitoring of dangerous conditions, ob/gyn checkups, breast, colon & prostate exams, etc.

There's only so much that individual initiative can accomplish, but systemic measures really can move the needle.