English does have a lot of loan words, but they are comparatively less frequently used than non-loan words. The overwhelming majority of the most commonly used core vocabulary is descended straight from Old English.
In fairness, there are some major counterexamples: “they”, “use”, and “people” are loan words in the core vocabulary.
"does" or at least do-support comes from celtic.
"have" is pretty close ot "avoir", and b/v (viz Ger "haben" is not a common sound correspondance.
"a" is not a word, it's a particle so short so that saying it descended is almost non-sensical. The proper form would be "an" (and even french "un" agrees).
"of", again a meaningless particle. There went so much wrong with prepositions, too, since PIE, they got turned up-side down, literally.
"non" rings of French, not German.
"to be" mostly changed since Germanic, and not straight forward either.
"than", nope, not original.
word has a fine root, most I'll take, core is not core vocabulary, the developed seemingly independently, but analogue to other Germanic languages, this, that are OK but close to Fr. ce, ca anyway, is is still pretty close to Latin est, Germanic or not ...
You were saying?
I.e. saying English stole from French is a bit like saying Hindi, Irish, or Navajo stole from English. Gets the power relations completely backwards.
You could make a case for the validity of this quip for more recent loanwords, but there are relatively few of those compared to French, Norse, and Latin.
The definition of loan word is a bit vague, of course, and the origin of some words is uncertain, and the proportion of loan words will depend a bit on the topic and the style of writing.
(There are 72 words in the previous two paragraphs, if you expand "30%" and "that's". So about 22 of them should be loan words? Seems plausible ...)