Honest question, as I'm not familiar with swedish law. If a man consents to have sex with a woman that claims to be taking birth control pills and later he finds out she really wasn't, can she be accused of rape?

Not familiar, either, but probably not.

The issue isn't birth control (alone), but foremost corporeal autonomy (the woman didn't want him to have "naked" sex, while in your example the man wanted to) and to a lesser extent the health risk.

So not taking the pill is not even close to the question of sleeping without a condom.

If someone consents to sex with specific requirements like "you must wear a condom", and they secretly violate those requirements, how is that not non-consensual?

Rape is non-consensual sex. Violence is not required - sex with a sleeping person, for example, or sex with a toddler.

> The sex was consensual.

No, it wasn't.

If I consent to sell you my minivan, and you take my Lambo instead, that's theft even if I did consent to sell you a car.

"Consent issues" are rape. That's pretty much non-controversial, outside the incel rape fantasy boards.