These are not necessarily all gender differences; they can also simply be personal differences. For example, I deal worse with bright light than my wife. She does claim women are worse at regulating their temperature and therefore I should keep her warm, but apparently my body does a poor job of that. I certainly dislike cold, but my son loves it (we both hate it when it's too hot).

It's probably a mix of gender-related biological differences, personal differences, and cultural differences. Is it cultural that women are expected to keep going (taking care of children and household) in the face of discomfort, pain, injury and/or illness? Or are they biologically better equipped to do so?

A common (not pain-related) claim used to be that women are better at multi-tasking than men, but as I understand it, that turned out to be caused by cultural expectations, with women culturally expected to manage multiple things at once while men were allowed to focus on a single task. Similarly, other aspects we think of as biological have turned out to be nurture rather than nature.

But there's also likely to be many biological differences that haven't been sufficiently explored yet. As the article points out, research is often done primarily on male mice (and male people), ignoring the possibility that things might work differently for women.