How many days was Kuwait over 130F last year?

Most days May through September experience an average high of actual temperature of around 120F each day with 100% sunshine. Its the heat index that brings it up to about 140F. You have to understand that during the summer here there is relatively lower humidity during peak sunlight which refracts less light before hitting the ground. The ground here is also highly reflective of heat, which is felt at least 5 to 6 feet off the ground (the height of most people).

Another way to look at (and there is a lot of data on this) is which nations produce the most CO2 per capita and then work backwards asking why that is.

Developed countries with high car ownership and countries with very small populations and very large hydrocarbon extraction industries.

That isn't accurate either. The country that outputs the highest CO2 per capita is Qatar. Qatar left OPEC within the last year because their oil extraction is so low. Qatar's primary hydrocarbon extraction is LNG (liquefied natural gas) which is a low CO2 emitter relative to oil refinement.

Also, most the countries here have a higher than average population density compared to the global average due to a small geographic footprint.

Trinidad & Tobago, Australia, and Turkmenistan are high in addition to Qatar. What they all have in common is they are high LNG exporters, which involves liquifaction trains. LNG liquifaction trains are extremely CO2 intensive, along with heavy oil refining (see Curacao, Aruba, et al per capita CO2)