They are better than print debugging because they allow to even instruct applications in production without having to do any change to the application.

Stuff like DTrace and Intellitrace have OS level support to integrate with the application being instrumented, execute whatever actions are required and interoperate with the debugger. Intellitrace even goes as further as supporting time travel debugging.

Yes some of them, e.g. DTrace, do have their own little scripting languages.