I get what you're getting at but I'm not sure I see a good way around that. Folks who can't vote on local taxes, tax free? Everyone would just shop the next town or state over....
I think that's just too expansive of a view on taxation and representation to make sense.
Immigrants, even permanent residents, pay all the taxes and have none of the representation. Felons too (while in prison and up to 2 years after).
I have a feeling “taxation without representation” stopped being an applicable argument as soon as USA won the independence war.
Congresspeople represent all the residents of their district, not just the citizens. While non-citizens are not allowed to vote on their choice of representative, they are allowed to call their local congressperson and express their opinions on upcoming legislation, and can volunteer in political campaigns. Permanent residents are also allowed to donate money to political campaigns.
At least in CA and NY, non-citizens do regularly take advantage of their rights within the US political system.