Rollercoasters can do over 6g which is about twice the g force for most manned launches iirc.
In fact if you play any sort of ball sports you likely experience jerk movement well above 1g nearly all the time, and you don’t even want to get started with full contact sports like (American) Football.
It’s not just how many g’s you pull but also the duration, the longer it is the more stress it puts on your body but nearly anyone without any major health conditions should be able to experience 2-3g for a fairly prolonged time without adverse effects and much much higher momentary g force than that as long as you are securely strapped.
You have the takeoff part backwards; you experience a few g upward when you jump. If you're just standing on Earth, you experience 1 g upward, not downward; the force you feel is not gravity pulling down on you, it's the Earth pushing up on you and preventing you from free-falling downward in response to gravity. When you jump up, your legs exert additional upward force.
(When you land, your legs exert upward force again to stop you from falling down any more, so you have that part right, as well as the zero g part.)
You also then experience higher than 1g forces when you land as the deceleration is abrupt.
It is an extremely taxing activity, but the weight loss is mostly water.
“Believe it or not the driver has to apply over 930kg of pedal load per lap in Canada - an incredible 65,590kg over the course of the 70-lap race - and it’s all down to the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve’s unique blend of high-speed straights and tight bends.“
https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/features/2015/6/under-pre...
They also ease you into it by doing a few 1/3 G (Mars gravity) and 1/6 G (lunar gravity) parabolas before going to zero G.
FYI, being "fit" doesn't necessarily help. People with higher blood pressure actually do a little better than those without.