Specifically:
A technical assistance request that relates to an agency, or a technical assistance notice that relates to an agency, or a technical capability notice that relates to an agency, has no effect to the extent (if any) to which it would request or require a designated communications provider to do an act or thing for which the agency, or an officer of the agency, would be required to have or obtain a warrant or authorisation under any of the following laws:
(a) the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979 ;
(b) the Surveillance Devices Act 2004 ;
(c) the Crimes Act 1914 ;
(d) the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Act 1979 ;
(f) a law of the Commonwealth (other than this Part) that is not covered by paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d);
(g) a law of a State or Territory.*Don’t know Australian law, but for a warrant you need to demonstrate probable cause in front of a judge. And that’s a pretty high bar.
Here’s Tim Cook making that point: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rQebmygKq7A
With an email provider you don't need a back door to get somebody's emails.
I said that to you (a user who wouldn't be the target of a warrant) there isn't a practical difference if you're targeted. You wouldn't be able to mount a defence in court anyway.
But of course, it being easier is a very serious problem from a societal perspective.
IANAL.
However there is now a no-warrant-required method of getting information (in the form of TANs and TARs) which has no judicial overview -- previously they would've needed a warrant. This is definitely a massive concern, but given that you wouldn't have seen a warrant previously (Fastmail would get it) this is not a practical difference to you (obviously it's a massive ethical difference and so on).
But to be honest, I actually hope people stop using Australian services and big companies start backing out of the Australian market. It's the only way our dropkick government will realise how much of an own-goal this legislation was.