Cities are more expensive than small town, and wages go up. Software is a lot more profitable per capita, and thus give higher wages. Then again, there is the startup problem you mention.

I am in favor of a point based system, over the mess we have now, but a trivial.implementation could do more harm than good.

Companies should have to make clear distinction between contracting jobs and full time positions. Salaries should be normalized by COL/Taxes. My unpopular opinion, is that there should be standardized testing (or reuse GRE, TOEFL). In my experience, it id a good proxy for a person's capabilities. Points on education attaintment are obvious, but they should also take into account the country where they received their education, the course itself and the standing of the university. ( in broad strokes like R1,R2)

I am strongly in favor of allowing easier Visa transfer . Should stop any Corp. from underpaying an immigrant, because they know the employee is stuck with them.

Absolutely.

No question there.

Employers in California will win, employers in say Tennessee will lose out. If comp is being considered, then they should also consider the COL.