I think one of the most glaring differences between ancient East Asian societies and Western societies is trials and the court. To the best of my knowledge no East Asian society (or for that matter, any society outside Europe) had anything remotely resembling trial by combat.

From what I've read court decisions in ancient Korea and China were decided simply by the village chief, often appointed by the king. Which has its own set of problems, but none of this trial by this that nonsense.