I doubt the underlying chemistry is unable to produce elastomeric products. Especially if you look at e.g. 2 part Polyurethanes, you see that while they aren't healthy in their uncured state, they are not fundamentally unable to be made into a non-liquid form, as they don't fundamentally rely on being a liquid.
Still, that's an epoxy, and if it's like the epoxy putties I've used, I bet it cures to a hard and rigid plastic, rather than the soft and flexible rubber that "Sugru brand mouldable glue" cures into.