Indeed. Factorio's use of the arrows to indicate a sense of direction ("back" points backwards on the timeline and "OK/Confirm/Play etc. point forwards, towards progress) makes it instantly clear what will happen after each button press.

I've always looked at interface choices like this: As a non-Chinese reader, if I see a dialog in Chinese and the "Yes/Confirm" and No/Back" buttons are the same size, shape, and color, I will have no clue which does what. However, if the "Yes" option is a darker shade, or has bolder text, or the button shape makes it scream "click me!", I'll feel relatively confident that this is the button I need to press to proceed with whatever I'm trying to do.