The formation of Standard Oil in the 1880s was a reaction to ruinous overproduction of oil, and its effect was to control and restrict the flow of oil onto the market to maintain prices. Same with the OPEC cartel today.
That people don't already know this says more about the educational system than the economic system. Then again, the educational system is itself a monopoly that seeks to restrict the flow of information so that it keeps itself relevant.
So the little Chinese kid will indeed get a kind of wiseness by learning that "in the great American Capitalist system, goods are damaged on purpose to fulfill the optimum of their system: [...] chip manufacturers damage their own goods on purpose. Why do they do this? Because the rules of American Capitalism dictate it."
Because for the most part, that's the most unbiased view you can get.
(But the rules of American Capitalism applies more and more to China too, so the little Chinese kid will either don't be taught that or learn soon enough that he will be part of the very same system regardless... (Not saying that real attempts to organize society by communism was better anyway))
Think of the logic. You want to produce a low end and a high end chip - because that's what the market is eating up. It's cheaper to have one fabrication process rather than two.... and suddenly, instead of busted, inferior chips being sold as lower end chips, we have the same chips in the same market niche, with the possibility of a simple software update to enable the high end features. It might smell funny at first, but as long as they are up-front about it, it's just business.
They have exactly one competitor (AMD), and because Intel is so much bigger and has so much more money, they always have newer and better fabs. The only ways AMD can be competitive with Intel are to be really daringly clever with their chip design (Athlon 64, and hopefully the upcoming Bobcat and Bulldozer cores), sell their chips at lower profit margins, take advantage of Intel's mistakes (Itanic vs Athlon 64), and to pick their battles wisely (AMD has never been able to field a whole product lineup that is competitive across the board). The barriers of entry to that market are so high that even AMD can't fully surmount them, and AMD definitely can't gain ground or even maintain solvency by doing what Intel does but slightly better.
But at the same time, doing only low profit margin manufacturing might be: or not profitable; or not enough to drive and push development of new technology.