I’d want both the 90% as well as the explanation. While some parts of these NN are black boxes, many parts are not. I’d want to know what data the model was trained on; if there were any biases in the patients tested so far; were there any issues with batch effects, et cetera...Like you said, if the question of chemo was on the line i wouldn’t want to go with just a black box.

That being said, at some point in the future, when these types of problems with NN can all be ironed out, I think going with the NN will be the obvious choice. The massive numerical complexity of cancer and the human body is too large for any human to understand and treat optimally.

NN + doctor for now; just NN in the (relatively near) future.