Yes, but even when throttled, it can often be faster than full-clock less wide instructions, if your workload allows for it. So it's sometimes worth it and there is a benefit.

It's power throttled by design. I don't think it's heat throttled. I'm sure Intel could push for higher power or optimize power to allow full bandwidth performance, perhaps there isn't a strong demand for sustained, full-width vector execution, yet.

> I don't think it's heat throttled.

"Processors have two modes of thermal protection, throttling and automatic shutdown. When a core exceeds the set throttle temperature, it will start to reduce power to bring the temperature back below that point."

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000...

I mean in the context of fully loading AVX512 vector processor.