Link to the paper in Science:

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/sci;science.1...

Edit - If you are lacking a subscription:

http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.0518

It's images like these that put into perspective the fragility of our species, and just how inconsequential we are, relative to the rest.

I think kind of the opposite, more in the Pale Blue Dot mindset, that in the immense vastness of the universe, Earth is all we've got, and should be treated with the utmost significance.

I absolutely agree with that sentiment as well. While we, as a species, are relatively inconsequential, Earth is all we've got (for now!) and it's a special, precious, thing indeed.

How can you say inconsequential when as far as we know we are the only beings that can even appreciate this supernova?

Size != Importance.

We might be small, but we are quite important.

You are not important if only you think so.

Important to whom? The universe itself is incapable of assigning 'importance', so saying that something is unimportant to the universe is just as wrong as saying something is important to the universe. Humans are important to humans, and that's what matters. If only I think I'm important, then I am, to me.