Totally irrelevant to this article, but you are technically correct.

Let X = "angle"

Let Y = sin(X)

Then X has a causal relationship with Y, but Corr(X, Y) = 0.

I doubt that's what you're saying, though!

However, small deltas around a particular X correlate with corresponding small sigmas around the corresponding Y.

Did you accidentally reverse the arrow? Or is there a smart joke sailing over my head?

What would that mean in this context?

A pretty reasonable explanation is that men and women have different interests. Egalitarian countries generally provide an environment where people are free to express these differences in preferences. A mechanism that would make it causal.

Not sure if on purpose, but think you got that the wrong way around.