Just for context, in C++ including std::string (after preprocessing) will pull in 25k LoC, std::vector around 20k.
Programming in C++ by the book will average around 35k LoC per every compilation unit. And it will compile significantly slower than C code.
Having that in mind, and considering that Nuklear doesn't pull in any dependencies, not even C stdlib parts. I think author has done a good job at being lean and fairly straightforward.
UI libs are usually a huge dependency and a hairy mess. This is not really the case. It's just one ~1mb 20k line header file.
There is some overhead on preprocessing over having a .c/.h combo, but that's it.
You can put those reimplentations in a different file. You don't have to expose the consumer of the library to them by jamming the whole thing, both interface and implementation, in a single header.
This is like library design by the folks who mistakenly say that what they do with '#include <stdio.h>' is they are "including a library". Eg. Compile and link are the same thing in a lot of people's minds, I think increasingly these days as C expertise is diminishing.