The ability to learn a language is innate, sure. That actual process of learning a language is very, incredibly data-heavy, to the point where many people never do it more than once because of how much data it requires.

The ability for a neural network to learn something is innate as well, because we programmed it to be. But to actually get it to learn something, again, takes just a ton of data.

Furthermore, a young child may need to be shown an object, like a cup of water, a few times before they consistently recognize it. But they don't need to go through supervised learning with a 10,000 image training set with all kinds of permutations of shape, lighting, and color.

I believe that's more a limitation on the information the AI is taking from the data we present it. There's no question that a human can learn more from being presented with an object than an AI can learn from being presented 10,000 pictures of that object, what's unclear is if this is a fundamental difference or something that could be overcome by reevaluating what we're teaching and how.