I expect that would depend on why only certain species can transmit human malaria. Yes if the reason is purely regional, but if there's something else (length of lifecycle, presence or absence of certain enzymes, ability to take blood from human) then there would have to be incredibly fast adaptation for malaria to survive.

The parasites don't survive equally well even within the species they inhabit.

https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/mosquitoes/