I created a linux kernel dynamic binary translator [1] (think of it as being like an in-situ vmware esxi) using C++. The key was to not use anything that touches floating point. Mostly what I wanted was templates, atomics, and a few other nicities. Recently I got granary working on the 4.4.0 kernel (after a few manual tweaks here and there to the kernel source code and to some of granary's auto-generated files).

[1] https://github.com/Granary/granary