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Re:Smooth Talk by munificent on Thursday November 02, 2017 @01:11PM (#15612244)
The fundamental problem with advice is that it aims to get the listener to a point X but is phrased as a delta that presumes the listener is currently at Y and states what change to make to get to X from there.

If you look at basically every critique of some advice, it boils down to that core issue.

Often, people acknowledge this by saying, "Well, you need to know whether or not the advice applies to you." But that generally requires a level of sophistication the reader doesn't have. If they did, they wouldn't need the advice in the first place.

I'm not sure if there's a good solution to the problem. I think we tend to express advice in terms of a delta because it's more compact and because it's more directly actionable. Compare, "avoid passive voice" with "approximately 80% of your sentences should use active voice in most styles of writing however the fraction should be higher in narrative fiction and nonfiction and lower in academic writing."

In this case, "avoid passive voice" is a pretty good delta, statistically speaking. Most writers use passive voice too much. I have seen very little writing that uses too little passive voice. Those who don't overuse passive voice tend to be self-aware enough to know the advice doesn't apply to them. If you were to apply that advice to a large corpus of randomly selected text, you'd make more of it better than you made worse.

Re:Smooth Talk by jasode on Thursday November 02, 2017 @01:33PM (#15612406)
>In this case, "avoid passive voice" is a pretty good delta, statistically speaking. Most writers use passive voice too much.

Exactly. Passive voice is the easier default for most writers and unfortunately, it lacks punch.

Example of a classic passive voice sentence: "Mistakes were made."

Writers love hiding behind passive constructions like that. But the reader wants to know _who_ made the mistake. If possible, write the agent into the sentence: "Nixon made mistakes." or "Kissinger made mistakes."

There was a writing style book that compared 10-K annual financial reports from companies that got hit by accounting scandals (Enron, Worldcom) vs clean companies (Berkshire Hathaway & Warren Buffet). There was a significantly more passive voice sentences in the dishonest companies. In contrast, Warren Buffet writes in a lively active-voice style ("I invested in this. I lost money on that.")

(I wonder if there's a hedge fund that uses text analysis software to scan 10-K filings to quantify which company is overusing passive-voice as a parameter to their models.)