Quick list of the top of my head:

- Engine management systems (e.g. timing of firing in an IC engine)

- Missile detection systems (e.g. need to react to a detection within time to activate countermeasures).

- Medical systems (e.g. timing of valve closing/opening is critical to dosage).

- Phone protocol stacks (e.g. transmitting during allocated time-slots).

- Metering systems (e.g. must read measurement devices at correct time to ensure accuracy).

- Audio systems (e.g. avoiding glitches requires deterministic processing)

...and lots, lots more.

In general, things that interact with the real physical world require deterministic control.

> Missile detection systems (e.g. need to react to a detection within time to activate countermeasures).

Nowadays partly written in Real Time Java, can gladly provide examples from military web sites.

The era that that particular one was written in, java was still accepted in RT systems. These days, that is not the case (I've worked on them myself). They are typically written in C/C++/ADA.

Bear in mind that there are typically many levels to something like an ESM system, the lower levels would always be in something like C/C++/ADA (or possibly FPGA) but if Java does come into it, it would be for the UI but even that is more likely C# these days. This is not the RT level code.

Interesting, thanks.