Yeah. My thoughts exactly, that's the stuff of nightmares. One of the big worries I have is that a losing super power would turn to nukes once conventional weapons stores are exhausted.

The nukes only get turned to in that sense, as a territory protection matter, not as an offensive option after conventional weapons are exhausted.

It's pretty straight-forward and has been for decades: conventional forces go first; if you begin losing badly, then you pull the nuclear card to prevent any meaningful territorial losses; the war ends in some variation of a stalemate.

Whether they can make it work that way in practice, hopefully we'll never find out. The biggest challenge to the practice of it, is dealing with even small existing territorial losses when the nuclear card comes out. Countries like Pakistan and North Korea may also not function that way, hard to guess about their operations under pressure just due to the nature of their brittle regimes, but most of their leadership also likely wants to live.

In the context of the video where nuclear weapons are used in a war:

"It's pretty straight-forward and has been for decades: conventional forces go first; if you begin losing badly, then you pull the nuclear card to prevent any meaningful territorial losses; the war ends in some variation of a stalemate."

Exactly where have nuclear weapons used "for decades" in this way?

United States, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, France, North Korea...

They are "used" passively. Any country that has the ability to create a nuclear explosion is constantly using them as diplomatic leverage. Even if you don't detonate them, even if you don't talk about them directly, the capability alone shapes reality.

The video is about activly using nuclear weapons in a war.

Parent was

"One of the big worries I have is that a losing super power would turn to nukes once conventional weapons stores are exhausted."

Nuclear tests have been going on since the 1940s. And bigger and bigger ones every time.