Could you point me towards some overview of the issues?
I don't know a book specifically focusing on that issue, but any book on the history of economic development should have some discussion on this problem. There are good books both those that are more populist and the more academic ones. There is also the question do you want to focus on Development Economics specifically or general growth theory. One is more about how you can help somebody grow the other is more fundamentally about why growth happens.
I suggest you start view something more broad then just looking into education. A mooc like this: http://www.mruniversity.com/courses/development-economics-0
The list of books are very long. Something like "The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists' Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics" might be a starter. Once you get into the topic you can go in different direction. I am confident that I will also conclude that education by itself will not lead to sustained development.
The economics profession has studied these problems for a very long time. If it were simple to do what you suggest then we would have done it. Literally everything has been tried in Development Economics.
> I know that part of the stable government solution involves taking down dictators and other military action
Again, based on what evidence are you making these claims? The story that you can military overthrow dictators and put in a stable government has utterly failed in most cases.
> but this has to also include education, food, medicine, and teaching people how to build things.
Do you have evidence for any of this? Development economics has long ago concluded that 'teaching things' has no long run impact.
Have you ever actually looked at the evidence and history of all these policy's?