The engine does not consume too much oil, either, so a single 4L bottle – about a gallon I think – is easily all that the oil I need between changes. With European prices, that is the equivalent of a single refill (even with my modest tank size), which makes you simply laugh and wonder at all the people that (always) bring up oil changes in the discussion of ICE vs EV. I can't but wonder how many of those actually own and maintain a not-imaginary vehicle.
To clarify my earlier post, I meant of course that a single bottle of oil is enough for the refill (between 3 and 4 litres) and more than enough for any top-ups for the about 30000 km before the car starts to remind of the end of the “Long Life” maintenance cycle. Oil is certainly not up there when it comes to costs of owning a small car, ICE or not.
A cursory look at used oil: it's still rather like the stuff that goes in, albeit black, of course. Without specific tools, I think it's impossible to tell it apart from oil that's used for, say, 10000 km.
It's a whole industry that you have that seems to be entirely redundant!
The latter.
Most manufacturers recommend 10,000 miles now, some as high as 15,000 (Jaguar, known for being unreliable):
https://www.edmunds.com/car-news/tips-advice/stop-changing-y...
Being as how manufacturers have to cover the warranty issues that could be related to lack of oil changes, I go with what they recommend.