On the contrary, I think a higher and progressive corporate tax rate would spur startups because it would serve as a governor to prevent large corporations (of the faceless variety) becoming large conglomerates - which generally have a depressive effect on the economy - thus giving smaller and more nimble startups an opportunity to compete.
> There is no other big market with such a low corporate tax.
Ireland's corporate tax rate is 12.5% ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporation_tax_in_the_Republi... ) and as Ireland is in the EU it has full access to the largest single market in the world - but I'll concede the EU's market is fragmented by localization issues and less demand for high-technology compared to North America.
Given that we are in an era of cheap credit, your friends sound insane.
We also have a lot of rules in place to prevent income from being double taxed, for example if my business pays taxes on $400,000 in profit and I take $150,000 in dividends, I get credit for the 15% in taxes that the business already paid and am only responsible for the other ~15% that I would have owed if I had made all of that $150,000 in regular personal income.
I was surprised to find that the US corporate tax system is so brutal compared to what we have here. Higher rates, double taxation, enforcing that you pay yourself a salary and not just dividends, etc.
Even "double taxation" is a talking point. Generally, money is taxed when it is transacted between entities: When someone pays a business (income), when you buy something (sales tax), when an employee is paid (personal income), etc. It's not taxed when it sits still. Money is double-, triple-, and in fact infinitely taxed, using the same definition, as it moves around different entities in the economy. The idea that the transaction between a corporation and its owners should be treated differently is very convenient to a select group of people.