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Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by Cyph0n on Saturday March 25, 2017 @08:25PM (#13958261)
More recent ARM chips (A9+) come bundled with ARM TrustZone[1]. In a nutshell, the processor has two (hardware) isolated execution environments each running a different OS and different software. By default, the secure environment of TrustZone runs an L4 kernel (edit: this is incorrect, see reply below).

Could it be the case that Apple is leveraging TrustZone but with a customized L4 kernel? Or is it confirmed that the Secure Enclave is a custom IC designed by Apple? I wouldn't be surprised if it's the former as it becomes much cheaper to implement the required security features.

Edit: Check out this previous discussion on this exact topic: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8410700

[1]: https://www.arm.com/products/security-on-arm/trustzone

Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by bryanbuckley on Saturday March 25, 2017 @08:54PM (#13958370)
> By default, the secure environment of TrustZone runs an L4 kernel.

By default no SW runs on HW. "Mobicore" (now called "Kinibi" from Trustonic) is based on L4.

Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by Cyph0n on Saturday March 25, 2017 @09:06PM (#13958416)
I know that mate, no need to get snarky. What I meant is that it was bundled with the core by default, but thanks for the correction. I thought I read it somewhere, but judging by a quick search, it seems I'm mistaken.
Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by bryanbuckley on Saturday March 25, 2017 @09:35PM (#13958530)
Depends on the HW manufacturer and SKU on what is bundled or not.. Even ROM code can be different per SKU.
Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by CalChris on Saturday March 25, 2017 @08:35PM (#13958304)
TrustZone was announced 2012 (?). The Security Enclave is a separate very Apple designed chip. They've patented aspects of it, dated also 2012:

https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-16/materials/us-16-Mandt-De... https://www.google.com/patents/US8832465

Re:iOS 10 Security White Paper [pdf] by bryanbuckley on Saturday March 25, 2017 @08:52PM (#13958365)
> TrustZone was announced 2012

No, 2012 was when Trustonic was formed from competing TEE vendors: ARM, Gemalto, and Giesecke & Devrient.

TrustZone has been around since before that. TI OMAP were front-runners of using it.