>Also, to add to this, as @hackuser mentions[1], the system, even if set perfectly in stone, will still be based on somebody's biases.

Yes but these are going to be "fixed" biases, where a judge's ones are not.

A judge can be argued with, it can be presented with the case in a different manner, it can be given precedents which might be relevant for this case because of it's unique circumstances.

Overall a system that has a fixed set of "biases" is still "impartial" it's just utterly static, it would have it's penal code and some large list of if this then that's in regards to how to execute it's judgment.

So while it might have if (crime.type = theft && crime.subject = food && crime.offender = parent.single) { return show.sympathy(); } you won't be able to change that by arguing for or against it and that's what our legal system is based on.

This is why we have defense and prosecution rather than simply running the crime through some flow chart to figure out if you are guilty and if so what the punishment should be.