That's a good buzzphrase, but I've never seen anyone do it in earnest. I was once on a consulting project to help a "Director" pick appropriate KPIs as part of a company-wide effort to improve departmental performance measurement. They rejected my suggestions to measure their effect on profit. My manager, to rescue the project, told me to ask what they wanted to be measured on, write it down, and hand it back as the report. The Director loved that idea and rattled off a list of metrics that could be easily sandbagged and had no clear relationship with company profit. ... And yes, that company is very large and well-respected.