it is not tax fraud, it is fraud on the employees and investors. What they did was allowed by the IRS but they lied to the employees and investors about doing it. If a company forces you to buy a uniform with your own money that is legal, if they then decide to give you bonus for the exact amount the uniform costs that is also legal. The fraud is that it was not told to employees that it would be done that way, it was told they would be reimbursed for the expense and they did this to hide the reimbursement which should be investigated by the SEC