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Re:We Should Not Accept Scientific Results That Have Not Bee... by greglindahl on Friday July 29, 2016 @06:55PM (#12190668)
The Chandrasekhar mass depends on G and a bunch of fundamental constants, and that's the mass of a type Ia supernova. Unfortunately this Wikipedia article doesn't talk about astronomy much:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_constant#History...

But it does point at one measurement of G on cosmological timescales and distances from 2006:

https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.1534

There are other papers with similar measurements published in the past two decades.

Re:We Should Not Accept Scientific Results That Have Not Bee... by Armisael16 on Friday July 29, 2016 @08:21PM (#12191009)
That's only true if all the other physics involved are the same wherever that supernova is; your own link mentions this. We can't prove that's the case since we can't test the individual parts of that theory - it's possible to construct a different set of physics that produces results identical to the physics we're familiar with.

That isn't a particularly fruitful approach since it doesn't permit any real discovery - it's rather brain-in-a-jar - but it is still something you have to assume away.