I keep forgetting state and local taxes. I'm from Texas, which doesn't have a state income tax; I'm living in Alabama, which has an income tax rate of something like 4%. Both localities rely heavily on sales taxes to a typical tune of about 9% (and sales taxes are regressive, I'll remind you) and property taxes.
Anyway, check this:
http://taxfoundation.org/article/short-history-government-ta...
Chart 1 duplicates your graph's "Current Revenues" and "Current Spending" lines, while Table 1 shows total gov't receipts as a percent of GDP by (roughly) decade since 1930. In 1950, 22%; 1980, 28%; 2000, 31%; 2012, 26%.
So yes, taxes have gone up. But not spectacularly, certainly not as much as deficit spending, and probably not to the excessive detriment of the "moneyed elite".
You know, if the rich were actually suffering under confiscatory taxes, their percentage of total national income and wealth would be in the decline, but actually it has been steadily going up. Were you really not aware of that?
[4] http://www.justfacts.com/images/taxes/federal_state_local_re...