Can you point to an example of such a "correct C++ program" that is larger than some sample code or a toy program demonstrating this technique?

I'm just wondering if this argument is all hypothetical, or if there are any teams of C++ programmers who are actually disciplined enough to be able to handle this case in practice, in large scale software. I know that in most code that I've seen, the only use of std::bad_alloc has been to log the error and abort.