It can also be gamed if the additional parties are in on the scam, which requires a level of trust that the article says the unbanked do not have.
Again, escrow is neither new nor unique to Bitcoin. It doesn't solve the refund problems. Why do you think it's not used by modern payment systems?
I agree but that's what credit cards are.
Do you not know how credit cards work?
> Businesses increasingly use ACH online to have customers pay, rather than via credit or debit cards.[citation needed]
> Rules and regulations that govern the ACH network are established by NACHA and the Federal Reserve. In 2013, this network processed nearly 22 billion ACH transactions with a total value of $38.7 trillion.[1] Credit card payments are handled by separate networks.