I haven't "moved" yet (which is to say most of my data isn't synced, except for what I keep in Mercurial repositories, code, configs and notes) - but at the top of my shortlist (mainly for convenient access on mobile devices) is:

http://www.skylable.com/products/sx/

(Self-hosted, GPL)

Second place on my shortlist would probably be:

https://camlistore.org/

For syncing a mix of files, I'd probably not go for rsync, unision handles "real world" (messy) syncs across files better. For backup I personally use duplicity driven by backup ninja (encrypted with GnuPG). But I've yet to do any restores, so I don't really have backup yet ;-)

For anything tex-ish, Mercurial works fine for me. I'm not sure if git (today) is any less capable of handling small binary files -- I'm guessing not. But mercurial text UI/UX is much friendlier IMHO.

I have great hopes for IPFS, but personal/private use is still on the roadmap, so it's not usable for what I personally would need most. But I'm more and more confident they'll get there.