It handles file conflicts, which is massively critical for anyone thinking of rolling their own. It also works over ssh, so it's encrypted.
After trying out Unison, Sync, and plain old rsync, Syncthing turned out to be the best of the bunch for me. Open source, modern interface, relatively simple to set up, seemingly quite secure... Hard not to like it.
You may also want to set the --max-delete option, to avoid the scenario where the sender doesn't have the volume mounted, resulting in the receiver deleting everything.
Be also aware that rsync is completely unencrypted, so you need to use it in conjuction with sshfs, ecryptfs, or some other method if you want security.
(You can also use other backup solutions, but I suspect most use the rsync transport, whether it's by itself or with Duplicity)
http://www.skylable.com/products/sx/
(Self-hosted, GPL)
Second place on my shortlist would probably be:
For syncing a mix of files, I'd probably not go for rsync, unision handles "real world" (messy) syncs across files better. For backup I personally use duplicity driven by backup ninja (encrypted with GnuPG). But I've yet to do any restores, so I don't really have backup yet ;-)
For anything tex-ish, Mercurial works fine for me. I'm not sure if git (today) is any less capable of handling small binary files -- I'm guessing not. But mercurial text UI/UX is much friendlier IMHO.
I have great hopes for IPFS, but personal/private use is still on the roadmap, so it's not usable for what I personally would need most. But I'm more and more confident they'll get there.
If you tell us more about your needs, we could give more tailored recommendations.
rsync.net has a deeply discounted rate for new "HN" customers.
Also, we just enabled explicit support for attic/borg.
I humbly suggest people look into the following, and am eager for suggestions from other HN readers:
- rsync
- btsync