tw25592285
Those with the shortest time preferences will borrow at higher interest rates; those with the longest time preferences will lend at lower interest rates.
All the math about clocks and reference frames is just scientism.
Curious that you've framed the question in non-market terms (allowed by whom?).
> A 1,000 year human has many more opportunities
No more so than 10 generations of 100 year humans. People can and do coordinate over long time spans and multiple generations. Heck, that's basically what a corporation is.
> compounding interest will only grow his wealth further
Only insofar as they have deferred consumption for longer. This is how interest works.
> At the end of it, they have $358,816,... a huge amount of money.
Signifying the economic benefit from deferring consumption and instead putting those resources to productive use. This is a Good Thing.
> So any interest paid to the traveler should be calculated at the fraction of time experienced, so 5 minutes to 5 days would be 1 / 1440.
As you've described it, those travelers will already be more inclined to accept a lower interest rate than non-travelers. What's the problem?