pujjad

And yes you're right, it's a neutron generator. They don't claim to ever achieving break even, or even power surplus. No fusion startup will ever do in my view. Combining that neutron generator with active material, now we're talking. That's a sub critical ultra compact hybrid reactor, which becomes super critical by pressing a button. And sub critical again with another press. That's the future and the reason why some folks at NASA want to get hold of one for their future space mission

Huge difference. Fusors are just Inertial electrostatic confinement fusion devices. This one here adds lattice confinement fusion to it (see NASA Glenn Research two Phys Rev C papers in 2023), ie you reach fuel densities 6 to 8 orders of magnitudes higher than in a plasma as you exploit electron screening in your metal lattice, plus binary packing in specific metal alloys. Anyone can build a fusor in a kitchen, but these guys combine two entirely different fusion mechanisms (IEC+LFC) which hasn't been done before. That way you get minimum 1E11 DT neutrons/s at source, and even higher fluxes once you start optimising the materials involved. A hard 14 MeV DT neutron generator with that high flux? A golden opportunity for testing future materialsand electronics in a harsh fusion environment.

A fusor does 1E6 n/s at best, and that'd be 2.45 MeV DD neutrons only, because obtaining a Tritium license is not trivial.

LAMMPS: https://lammps.org/ - MD Simulator (Sandia Labs)

GEANT4: https://geant4.web.cern.ch/ Monte Carlo code for particles through matter (CERN)

Moose & MFEM are great projects and important in itself, but not relevant in the nuclear physics domain. Software which is remains export-restricted for good reasons. Here a list for the curious mind:

FISPACT-II: https://fispact.ukaea.uk/ Inventory & Source term (UKAEA)

MCNP: https://mcnp.lanl.gov/ - Monte Carlo code (LANL)

SERPENT: https://serpent.vtt.fi/serpent/ - Neutronics (VTT)

VASP: https://www.vasp.at/ - Ab Initio DFT (U Vienna)

TRANSURANUS: https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/collection/transuranus - Nuclear Fuel Performance Code (EU/JRC)

BISON: https://bison.inl.gov - Next-Gen Nuclear Fuel Performance Code (INL)

(edit: formatting)

The article mmentions Moose, MFEM, OpenMC, but the really good stuff relevant for us nuclear physicist I would expect being talked about aren't mentioned: Bison, Transuranus, Marmot, Serpent, Vasp, Rattlesnake, Fispact.

On the open source open access side I'm missing Lammps or Geant4.

It's an argument pro two-time scales and against two dimensional time just by looking at what math says about partially ordered sets. R^2 is clearly not partially ordered as opposed to R^1.

In a world with two time dimensions there would be no such thing as causality: with a, b \in R^2 (the field of real numbers), a<b doesn't make sense, because two events can have the same distance from (0,0) but different angle \phi (modulo orientation of chosen frame of reference), and therefore I wouldn't be able to distinguish between past and future events in general. Causality breaks down.

Propagating along a 1D trajectory (ie flow of time) would then be along a 2D "trajectory" through which I would experience indefinitively many events at once, unclear which one impacts on which others. But clearly I perceive me writing this post "right now", and am about to push the send button..

That is, in 90 days!

Fantastic news! Been waiting for this since I've been with the CTBTO 13 years ago.. No testing on land of the pacific nations anymore! Hopefully the 5 big nuclear weapon states will ratify the CTBT in my lifetime as well...

In Germany, the consumer demand for UHT is low as well. Fresh milk is prefered over that, UHT tastes weird for most. No idea where the article gets the idea from that Europeans care less about UHT.

Extracted from the accepted manusscript:

"670nm light devices were based on simple commercial DC torches with ten 670nm LEDs mounted behind a light diffuser embedded in a tube that was 4cm in diameter. Energies at the cornea were approximately 40mW/cm² which often resulted in a mild green after image for approximately 5-10 seconds. Participants were asked to use the light to illuminate their dominant eye every morning for 3 minutes and to repeat this daily for 2 weeks. These metrics were selected because they fell within the range used in a large number of animal experiments. 670nm illumination was largely confined to the central retina comprising the peaks in rod and cone density."

Maybe have them shine on to a neutral surface with some distance.