miket
OpenAI Jukebox
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From Knowledge Graphs to Knowledge Workflows
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Know-it-all AI learns by reading the entire web nonstop
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The training data for machine translation models is also human-created. Given some fixed amount of human hours, would you rather them be spent annotating text that can train a translation system that can be used for many things, or a system that can just be used for this project? It all depends on the yield that you get per man-hour.
First of all, having a machine-readable database of knowledge(i.e. Wikidata) is no doubt a great thing. It's maintained by a large community of human curators and always growing. However, generating actually useful natural language that rivals the value you get from reading a Wikipedia page from an abstract representation is problematic.
If you look at the walkthrough for how this would work (https://github.com/google/abstracttext/blob/master/eneyj/doc...), this project does not use machine and uses CFG-like production rules to generate natural sentences. Works great for generating toy sentences like "X is a Y".
However, human languages are not programming languages. Many natural languages, like German and Finnish, are so syntactically and morphologically complex that there is no compact ruleset that can describe them. (those that have taken grammar class can relate to the number of exceptions to the ruleset)
Additionally, not every sentence in a typical Wikipedia article can be easily represented in a machine-readable factual format. Plenty of text is opinion, subjective, or describes notions that don't have an proper entity. Of course there are ways that engineer around this, however they will exponential grow the complexity of your ontology, number of properties, and make for a terrible user experience for the annotators.
A much better and direct approach to the stated intention of making the knowledge accessible to more readers is to advance the state of machine translation, which would capture nuance and non-facts present in the original article. Additionally, exploring ML-based ways of NL generation from the dataset this will produce will have academic impact.
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As a contrast, take a look at how Diffbot, an AI system that understands the content of the page by using computer vision and NLP techniques on it, interprets the page in question:
https://www.diffbot.com/testdrive/?url=https://www.reddit.co...
It can reliably extract the publication date on each post, without resorting to using site-specific rules. (You can try it on other discussion threads and article pages, that have a visible publication date).
NLP is good enough that we can now explicitly measure how well a system reads text in terms of what knowledge is extracted from it. This task is called Knowledge Base Population, and we've released the first reproducible dataset called KnowledgeNet that measures this task, along with an open source state-of-the-art baseline.
Direct link to the Github repo: https://github.com/diffbot/knowledge-net EMNLP paper: https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1069.pdf
KnowledgeNet: A Benchmark for Knowledge Base Population
The Diffbot Master Plan
The Economics of Building Knowledge Bases
Neural Network
The Economics of Building Knowledge Bases
Diffbot's Approach to Knowledge Graph
The Diffbot Master Plan
In the context of that sentence "She was a .. physicist and chemist who conducted .. research on radioactivity.", I think most people would say a physicist or a chemist who conducts research is a researcher. In other contexts, such as in your example, that would be a questionable inference. What you're describing is why natural language understanding is hard--it's context-dependent and not syntactic.
"She did research." http://relex.diffbot.com:8085/?text=She%20did%20research. "She was a researcher." http://relex.diffbot.com:8085/?text=She%20was%20a%20research....
Return different outputs from a state-of-the-art relation extraction system.
The initial example: http://relex.diffbot.com:8085/?text=Marie%20Curie%20was%20bo....
In your example, being a coder is not inferred: http://relex.diffbot.com:8085/?text=He%27s%20a%20hard-surfac....