karlheinz
This is paraphrasing of Chairman Mao:
"The policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend is designed to promote the flourishing of the arts and the progress of science"
And the ripping out by roots part brings labor camps to mind:
"After this brief period of liberalization, Mao abruptly changed course. The crackdown continued through 1957 as an Anti-Rightist Campaign against those who were critical of the regime and its ideology. Those targeted were publicly criticized and condemned to prison labor camps."
Last paragraph in the wikipedia section:
"Research by the Oxford Martin School showed that employees engaged in "tasks following well-defined procedures that can easily be performed by sophisticated algorithms" are at risk of displacement. The study, published in 2013, shows that automation can affect both skilled and unskilled work and both high and low-paying occupations; however, low-paid physical occupations are most at risk.[7] However, according to a study published in McKinsey Quarterly[63] in 2015 the impact of computerization in most cases is not replacement of employees but automation of portions of the tasks they perform"
Oxford or McKinsey Quarterly, which source do you prefer?
My initial comment was an attempt to illustrate the fact that startup funders and VC's that get rich don't make innovations in a vacuum. They rely on a complex network of global labour, government funding, university research and the entire history of human knowledge.
Therefor I don't think funders and capital owners should feel so certain about their privilege to extract enormous amounts of private wealth for the prize of rising income inequality.
* TCP/IP (USDOD)
* HTTP and HTML (CERN)
* The initial research for the Google algorithm (NSF)
* Compaq and Intel’s early stage funds (SBIR)
* Tesla was launched with a $500m guaranteed government loan
In fact, 77 out of the most important 88 innovations between 1971 and 2006 (rated by R&D Magazine’s annual awards) were fully dependent on US federal government support (1)
1) Government funding. GPS, the Internet, touch screens and the CPU. All funded by government research where the tax dollars contributed by each and every citizen is the investment capital.
2) Global cheap labour. Miners in Africa (mining litium for batteries for example) and factory workers in china provides the infrastructrue for YC startups to make enormous profits.
3) Open source software. Unpaid labour provides the free tools that a startup need to "grow fast" without much investments.
Most people involved in 1-3 don't see any return on their investments. Something to think about.
On Manovich
Where did the Greek bailout money go?
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/07/nyregion/more-apartments-a...
"Capital itself is the moving contradiction, [in] that it presses to reduce labour time to a minimum, while it posits labour time, on the other side, as sole measure and source of wealth."