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gradys

Re:Computation as a Universal and Fundamental Concept on Friday July 10, 2026 @01:16PM (#48862661)
It can be the case that both:

- The physics of the universe can be completely modeled as computation, and

- It's possible to pose undecidable problems about the way the universe unfolds

This is intrinsic to the idea of undecidability even for Turing machines, e.g. "we equate computation with the functioning of Turing machines, but there are real processes executable in Turing machines that are undecidable".

Re:Ask HN: What is everyone in SF talking about? on Sunday June 28, 2026 @10:21AM (#48707538)
IPOs pushing up housing prices

New Waymo car models rolling out

The laser thing in front of city hall

Pride month, parades this weekend

Antisocial guy harassing Scott Weiner on social media at Dolores Park

Lurie administration, after initially making progress on crime and cleaning up the streets seems to be stalling out

Supervisor Jackie Fielder back from long mostly unexplained absence that was maybe due to her illegally leaking confidential information

Re:OpenAI has deleted the word 'safely' from its mission on Saturday February 14, 2026 @01:17AM (#47012093)
This was long before. Google had conversational LLMs before ChatGPT (though they weren’t as good in my recollection), and they declined to productize. There was a sense at the time that you couldn’t productize anything with truly open ended content generation because you couldn’t guarantee it wouldn’t say something problematic.

See Facebook’s Galactica project for an example of what Google was afraid would happen: https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/11/18/1063487/meta-lar...

Re:Bun v1.3.9 on Sunday February 08, 2026 @01:22PM (#46936991)
Both would be understood and are roughly interchangeable.

"Sequential" feels more appropriate to me for the task runner scenario where we wait for one task to finish before running the next.

"Series" suggests a kind of concurrency to me because of the electrical circuit context, where the outputs of one are flowing into the next, but both are running concurrently. Processes that are Unix piped into each other would be another thing that feels more like a "series" than a "sequence".

Re:Structured Outputs on the Claude Developer Platform (API) on Friday November 14, 2025 @05:18PM (#45932827)
You might be using JSON mode, which doesn’t guarantee a schema will be followed, or structured outputs not in strict mode. It is possible to get the property that the response is either a valid instance of the schema or an error (eg for refusal)
Is it luck, or is scaling arithmetic genuinely a useful capability to offer the world?
Re:DSPy – Programming–not prompting–LMs on Friday December 06, 2024 @05:23PM (#42345212)
I assume you know how to program in Python? I would start with just the client libraries of the model providers you want to use. LLMs are conceptually simple when treated as black boxes. String in, string out. You don't necessarily need a framework.
Re:Google threatened with being broken up by US on Wednesday October 09, 2024 @10:56AM (#41788578)
I’m not as familiar with the Baby Bells, so this is a surprising comparison to me. Bell Labs was famously so productive while it had the monopoly money hose, and not as much came from it after Bell was broken up.

What are the most noteworthy accomplishments of the Baby Bells?

Sounds more like Generation Augmented Retrieval in that case.
Re:Google Gemini: Context Caching on Thursday May 16, 2024 @04:06PM (#40382546)
I don’t know of any public details on how they implement Context Caching, but that is presumably exactly what they are doing. Just caching the text would be a minimal savings.
Re:Google Gemini: Context Caching on Thursday May 16, 2024 @03:46PM (#40382366)
The size of the cached internal state of the network processing the book is much larger than the size of the book. The resource that is preserved with caching is the compute required to recreate that state.
Re:GPT-4o on Monday May 13, 2024 @07:31PM (#40349821)
I’m guessing there was an instrumental reason for this, for instance to check that the model was listening before launching into what they wanted to demo
Re:Grow and Keep Big Muscles on Wednesday January 03, 2024 @09:48AM (#38854662)
There are many different rules of thumb on this floating around. 1g per lb of body weight is indeed something a number of well informed people recommend, but those people generally acknowledge that it’s something like an upper bound on the amount that is useful.
Re:Grow and Keep Big Muscles on Wednesday January 03, 2024 @09:43AM (#38854616)
Cardio isn’t super important for what? It certainly has longevity benefits over and above those from resistance training.
Re:Simplifying Transformer Blocks on Tuesday November 28, 2023 @11:47AM (#38447767)
Attention itself was the key idea of that paper and, as you sort of acknowledge, was definitely not just throwing things at the wall. It was the culmination of a long line of work gradually progressing toward fully dynamic routing via attention, and it was motivated, if not by deep theory, at least deep intuition from linguistics. The other details of transformers are perhaps sort of arbitrary, but made sense to everyone at the time. There was no claim that those other details were optimal - just that they were one way of surrounding the attention mechanism with computing machinery that worked.
Re:Amtrak Explorer on Thursday September 28, 2023 @06:25PM (#37696702)
The key feature of the NEC is that the cities are large and close together. This is true almost nowhere else in the country.
Re:Pijul: Version-Control Post-Git • Goto 2023 on Saturday August 12, 2023 @08:37AM (#37099563)
What does understanding and reasoning mean?
Re:Show HN: I built a transit travel time map on Monday July 24, 2023 @12:59PM (#36851038)
I'd love to be able to get a print of the map with a customized zoom level and origin point.
Re:Show HN: I built a transit travel time map on Monday July 24, 2023 @12:50PM (#36850890)
This is awesome! I'd love to be able to bookmark this with a specific starting location set in the URL.
Re:Unexpected downsides of UUID keys in PostgreSQL on Thursday June 22, 2023 @08:47AM (#36431315)
You can achieve this without UUID keys if you attach UUIDs to the requests. This has the advantage of working for all kinds of mutating requests, not just creates, but requires that you store these request UUIDs for some period of time as well.
Re:How RLHF Works on Wednesday June 21, 2023 @04:59PM (#36424392)
My intuition on this:

Maximum likelihood training -> faithfully represent training data

Reinforcement learning -> seek out the most preferred answer you can

Re:Apollo will close down on June 30th on Thursday June 08, 2023 @05:06PM (#36249064)
It might be legal from Canada's perspective, but that doesn't necessarily mean legal action couldn't be taken in the US. Is there something specific to the law on recording phone calls that makes this not a problem?
Re:EU Artificial Intelligence Act on Tuesday May 16, 2023 @05:24PM (#35967955)
“Symbolic reasoning” used to make “decisions which influence the environment with which the system interacts” could describe almost all real world computer systems, could it not?
Re:Google Bard blocks all European Union countries on Friday May 12, 2023 @08:52AM (#35915489)
If everyone chooses to comply with the law in the same annoying way, that’s a consequence of the law.

It may be a second order effect, but good governance means considering second order effects.

It doesn’t seem like this article considers any benefits from allowing this launch or specifies a threshold of damage under which the author would be okay with allowing the launch.

In general, doing things like developing the capacity to launch very large payloads to space will come with costs. We wouldn’t be able to do any such things if we weren’t willing to pay those costs to get the benefits.

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