edelweiss22
It can run on any shared hosting, plus it does not even need a database, which makes managing a website super easy. Think making the site locally and updating it with a simple git push.
I don't think a simple website needs Heroku or another PAAS or even needs to run on Node.js, which introduces unneeded complexity.
To those of you, stop bashing and start being the first change you want to see.
As a freelance I pay 5% until I reach an higher level of income and I'll be able to pay more taxes. On top of this there's 21% for retirement contributions.
Is there any other country where a lower amount of taxes is paid?
Don't forget you need to pay 4x (or more) for rent of any office space (or housing space) in Switzerland compared to the other side of the border.
This explains why lots of businesses that migrated from italy to switzerland in search of an "el dorado" closed shop after a short timespan, realizing business is hard everywhere.
I'd suggest your friends to get their hands dirty with a popular open source project and getting involved in a software company doing technical support. E.g. apply at one of the many WordPress plugin/theme development companies (or any other popular open source consumer platform out there)
I suggest this in particular because such PHP projects are usually well manageable on the technical side once you get the grip. This does not involve programming at the start, but could very well be a "first step" into the IT world, and as paid by the hour could also be a side project.
Then, as time goes on, if the passion kicks in they can learn all the inside out of the things they're doing support for, and start from there towards working on development itself, or going solo and try building their own software project on the side.
As a dev for various software projects I saw some other support staff members grow their knowledge over time and in the end contribute to the project as developers themselves, also as a consequence growing their income.