Dhalgren[1] is a rich, interesting book but it really isn't SF, and is very much a product of its era, the 1960s-70s. I think it is in part a fantastic re-imagining of Delaney's own early years as recounted more prosodically in "Heavenly Breakfast"[2]. There are long passages that are probably sharp parodies of figures and events in the 1970s NY literary scene. Much of it is an elevation of the 1960s San Francisco hippie scene into a dystopian fantasy world. I think it works to read the city of Bellona as a symbol of an economic status: the status of the urban underclass, some of whose members are trapped in it, while some have entered it willingly to explore it.

That smoke blown, it rewards patience with some wonderful writing and some gripping drama as well.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhalgren

[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavenly_Breakfast