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Re:Ask HN: Why don't transistors in microchips fail? by brianwawok on Thursday July 09, 2015 @09:51PM (#9861889)
Well it depends.. even if an Xbox1 has a -10% profit margin and a 10% failure rate.. Microsoft can still make back their money on game licensing and xbox live fees.

For something like a car or a Microwave this is not the case, but this is why the profit margin on a Microwave is closer to 50% than 5%

Re:Ask HN: Why don't transistors in microchips fail? by abtinf on Friday July 10, 2015 @02:19PM (#9865731)
Be careful not to confuse gross profit with net profit. Gross profit is how much money you make less the raw cost of materials. Net profit is your final profit after accounting for labor, marketing, support, overhead, taxes, and so forth.

For example, take a look at the financials [1] for Black & Decker, a manufacturer of tools. For the quarter ending 4/4/2015, they had gross revenue of 2.6 billion. Less cost of goods sold, they have a gross profit of almost 1 billion, or about 61% gross margin. But then observe all of the numerous expenses and taxes they have, which causes their final Net Income (aka net profit) to drop to 162 million, or a net margin of about 9%.

9% can be considered an outstanding rate of return in this industry. If you could come up with a way to build a manufacturing company with such a return, you could have your own IPO.

[1] https://www.google.com/finance?q=NYSE%3ASWK&fstype=ii&ei=-Am...