Why do we let the government deny our marriages in the first place? The law should be changed so that we record and acknowledge marriages, not have a bureau officer approve or deny it.
When you buy real estate, you simply record it. You don't need governmental approval to buy property as far as I know. You will, though, have to pay property tax.
It wasn't the fact it was an "application" that was the problem - you could just say "previously some states refused to register same sex marriages" instead of "previously some states refused to give marriage licenses to same sex couples" and it means the same thing.
The Lovings (of Loving v Virgina) were arrested for getting married in DC.
I can apply for a liquor license and the state ABC can refuse to give me a liquor license or refuse to register a liquor license and it means the same thing.
- Only 1 marriage at a time.
- Must be old enough.
- Must not be too closely related.
- Etc..
The marriage license handles the step of verifying those things. It's mostly a formality.
There are green card marriages.
In the case of the first, we have decided that we will still give the kid citizenship. In the case of the second, we don't allow it (if we catch it).
I'm pretty sure you can marry without a marriage license. You just aren't legally married, i.e. you don't get all the legal benefits.