I was at a university some years ago that had blackboards in all the rooms except the computer labs, which had whiteboards instead, also citing this reason. At the time I believe whiteboards were more expensive (and less familiar), so they were put only where "needed", i.e. rooms with computers. These days I see mostly just whiteboards everywhere, though.

Whiteboards also make dust in the form of dried ink...

It is nothing compared to the quantity of chalk dust generated. I've used chalkboards for years though in computer labs and around other electronic equipment, it has no noticeable effect.