I've been proportional for about 3 years now; once you go with better typography you can't really go back.
Monospace is just simpler. We use it in consoles, and they aren't going away or being revolutionized. And if you want to write a new text editor, you will probably end up supporting monospace behavior before proportional simply because it is such a simple and flexible algorithm.
And in the end, the only reason to use proportional font is for style and a marginal increase in readability.
So it's not a matter of laziness, but of efficiency and design fundamentals.
Everyone always claims that "we read code" more than "we write code", yet we still optimize for writing rather than reading. Reading code that has been typeset well is a joy and much improved experience vs. reading code that has not.
That's why it is so nice to work in a grid: you can align things however you like for any purpose. You don't have to rewrite someone else's parser or build a plugin to properly format an ad-hoc table in a comment.
"If source code editors can highlight syntax, they could also interpret tabs and syntax to create true, adjustable columns of text."
Yeah, but they don't.